Dear Zenith:

“I felt like I was throwing a tantrum like my kid. I felt like a kid stuck in adults body unable to control my emotions (ANGER).My little one does it all the time just throw a tantrum or have a breakdown when we say no“- I researched emotion regulation for children and there are lots online information as well as lots of books for sale on the topic, books for parents, books for teachers, for therapists and books, flipbooks,  workbooks, cards and games for children (to work on together with parents or teachers, etc.), all about emotion regulation. These can help you to emotionally regulate yourself more effectively and it can help you as a mother, to model and teach your daughter emotion regulation skills.

This post is long, but please don’t stress over the length. Read any part of it at your convenience, in small portions, over time (or not at all, of course). I did this research not only for you and for your daughter, but for myself and for others as well.

Talking about throwing a temper tantrum, From a website, parenting for brain. com/self-regulation-toddler-temper-tantrums: “Emotional regulation is not a skill we are born with…  Helping our kids self-regulate a wide range of emotions is among parents’ most important tasks. This article will examine how emotional self-regulation develops and how we can help children acquire this crucial skill…The inability to self-regulate big emotions can lead to traits like anger, withdrawal, anxiety, or aggressive behavior. All this can snowball into further negative consequences:… dropping out of school, delinquency, substance abuse, and antisocial behavior problems.^​…

“The sensitive period of emotional self-regulation is believed to be before children ages two. As proven by science, the importance of early childhood life experiences cannot be overstated. However, this doesn’t mean that once kids pass that age, they’ve missed the opportunity to learn self-regulation. It only means it will be more challenging and take more time and patience. So it is better to do it right the first time when kids are young than to fix it later. If your child is older, don’t despair. It’s never too late to start helping children learn to self-regulate”.

The article then explains that within the brain/ body , there is (1) “an emergency or quick-response system- the ‘gas pedal‘”: its primary job is to activate the body’s fight-or-flight response, like the gas pedal in a car. When activated, this system allows our bodies to move fast by speeding up our heart rate, shutting down digestion, and upping blood sugar for quick energy, and (2) “a calming or dampening part of the brain – the ‘brake’” This system is slower to activate, but when it does, it slows down our heart rate, increases digestion, and conserves energy.

Babies are born with a strong gas pedal but with a weak brake. Emotion regulation is about developing and strengthening the brake/ the calming down of the brain-body.

From www. gottman. com/blog/age-age-guide-helping-kids-manage-emotions: “ Emotion regulation is not just about expressing emotions in a socially appropriate manner. It is a three-phase process that involves teaching children to identify emotions, helping them identify what triggers those emotions, and teaching them to manage those emotions by themselves. When we teach kids that their emotions are valid, we help them view what they feel as normal and manageable…  Ultimately, helping kids manage their emotions begins by validating those emotions and providing an environment in which they feel safe to express them.

From another website, American Psychological Association. org/ parenting/ emotion regulation: “Learning to regulate emotions, though, is a complex process… Parents, teachers, and other caregivers all play a critical role in helping children learn to manage their feelings… Here are science-tested strategies parents and caretakers can use to teach kids these important skills: * Start early:… Caregivers can start talking about feelings when their children are still babies. Point out when book or movie characters feel sad, happy, angry, or worried. * Connect: Studies show that children who have a secure, trusting relationship with their parents or caregivers have better emotion regulation… * Talk and teach: Teach your children to recognize and name their emotions. Don’t bother trying to have the conversation while they’re upset, however. “When things are calm, find opportunities to talk about feelings and strategies for managing them… * Model good behavior: Have you heard the old saying ‘Do as I say, not as I do’? “Research shows that’s ridiculous… Children learn by modeling what their parents are doing, not saying * Stay calm: Modeling good behavior is easier said than done—especially when your preschooler is throwing the world’s biggest tantrum. If you’re about to lose your cool, take a minute to breathe and calm down before you address the situation. “Walk into the other room and come back once you’re calmer… You’re not avoiding the situation, but you can avoid making an impulsive reaction..

“* Plan options: When your child is calm, talk about some ways they can handle a tricky situation. Imagine they pushed a classmate who had a toy they wanted to play with. When things are calm, talk about different choices they could make next time: They could tell the teacher, ask the classmate to take turns, or find something else to play with. This process can help your child develop problem-solving skills. * Act it out: Once you talk about possible options, it’s time to practice. ‘Role play and rehearse,’.. Take turns pretending to be your child and their classmate. With practice, kids will begin to apply those new skills in the real world.

“* Punish less, praise more: It’s tempting to give consequences for bad behavior. But strict punishment makes behavior worse, not better… caregivers should spend a lot of time focusing on positive attention, praise, and rewards for good behavior… If your child always screams when it’s time to leave the playground, don’t punish them for the outburst. Instead, offer lots of praise and maybe a small reward when they leave without a tantrum. ‘Instead of punishing a child for an unwanted behavior, praise the behavior you’d like to see in its place,’.. * Be a team: For kids who are struggling to learn emotion regulation, consistency is key. ‘It’s really important for parents, grandparents, teachers, and other caregivers to work together to address a child’s self-regulation problems,’…. * Check your expectations: Don’t expect your child to behave perfectly, especially if they’re genuinely scared or stressed… In a highly stressful situation, children need more adult support…

” * Take the long view: … When you feel frustrated by your child’s behavior, remember that emotion regulation takes time…’It’s important to develop a strong, positive relationship with your child… ‘Kids learn from people they trust.”

Another very resourceful website, heartmindonline.org/resources/12-self-regulation-strategies-for-young-children: “Adults can help children follow a 3-Step Recipe for Self-Regulation… Step 1: Notice the feeling – Help the child tune into how their body is feeling. Ask questions like: What is going on in your body right now? How does your tummy feel? How does your throat feel? Do your muscles feel tight or relaxed? Is your heart beating quickly? Are your eyes making tears? Step 2: Name the feeling – Invite the child to name how they are feeling. Affirm their answer (“yes, I can see from your tears that you’re feeling sad right now”) and extend upon it to build their emotional vocabulary and awareness (“I bet you might be feeling disappointed too, I know you really wanted to keep playing at the park”). Step 3: Respond to the feeling – … engage them in a brief activity to boost self-regulation… 1) Spend 5 minutes in a calm, quiet space with the child. Offer to hold the child, talk, sing, sway, or just sit together in silence. Connection is a key component of self-regulation…2) Pause for a listening break. Listen to a kid-friendly meditation with the child… soothing music… 3) Do the rainbow breath… 4) Sing vowel sounds together… 5) Paint their face…

“6) Cool things down. Offer the child a cool glass of water, some frozen fruit or a popsicle, or run their wrists under cold water (you could even offer a cold shower or bath for the brave at heart!). Exposure to tolerable cold can act as a mini “shock” to the nervous system and help it reset.

“7) Smell the flowers. The scent of lavender can decrease anxiety and reduce stress… smell fresh or dried lavender flowers together instead, focusing on how the scent makes them feel.

“8) Move like an animal. Ask the child what animal they feel like right now, then invite them to move how that animal moves (e.g. a grumpy bear might stomp around the room, or a sad snake might slowly slither on their stomach). Then ask them what animal they would rather feel like, and invite them to move that way instead (eg. a happy bird might flit around the room on tip toe ). This activity, inspired by somatic therapy, helps children shift their emotions by moving in a way that matches their desired emotional state.

“9) Have a smiling contest. Face the child with your cheesiest grin, and have them do the same. See how long you can both keep smiling for. Research shows that facial expressions ca have a small, but significant impact on our emotions: turning your frown upside down can really make you happier!

10) Tense then release. Invite the child to clench their fists as tight as they can, then exhale to release. Repeat several times, or see what it feels like to tense different body parts like their legs, arms, or even their face! This exercise is a form of progressive muscle relaxation, which has been proven to decrease heart rate and reduce cortisol levels.

11) Play a mindful game. Play frog jumps, shake it up, balloon arms, or freeze dance together.  By connecting children’s movements to their senses, these games help children to regulate their bodies, sensations, and thoughts…. 12) Reflect together… Ask children to reflect on questions like: “how did my body feel before? How does it feel now? How did I help myself when I was feeling ____? How can I help myself next time I feel this way?

Books: (1) Helping Preschool-Age Children Learn SELF REGULATION (“focuses on skill-training for preschool-age children..”)

(2) Emotion Regulation in Children and Adolescents

(3) How are you feeling right now? (“helps kids and toddlers identify feelings and emotions… Creating a calmer environment at home is a major key to helping children regulate their emotions. So is giving your children a designated area in your home to make their own peaceful space, allowing them a chance to regain their composure”)

(4) Blow: An Emotional Regulation Guide for Children (“children are guided through the simple yet powerful technique of taking deep breaths, using the imagery of blowing out a birthday candle as a focal point…Perfect for children ages 2 to 6”)

(5) Emotions and feelings flipbook (“With each flip of the page, you’ll spark new thoughts and ideas…The user guide questions serve as prompts for rich and meaningful conversations, allowing children to explore emotions from different angles and perspectives”)

(6) Social Emotional Learning Activities for Kids: 50+ Practical Activities for Emotional Regulation, Social Skills… (“50+ activities to use in your classrooms to interact with kids and foster emotional intelligence in them”).

(7) Creative Ways to Help Children Regulate and Manage Anger: Ideas and Activities for Working with Anger and Emotional Regulation (“Support children to better understand and manage their anger with this practical guide of therapeutic activities… this book provides practical advice for working with children aged 4-12 and families navigating issues of anger and emotional regulation. The book includes over fifty playful, practical, and purposeful activities to use in therapy…This is the ultimate tool for therapists looking to develop their clinical practice with creative ways to help children manage their anger”)

(8) My Feelings Workbook (“This workbook…  not only helps children figure out how they feel but WHERE they feel. With enough practice children will gain mastery over even their more intense feelings. In the process they learn how to build stronger bridges between their emotional minds and their thinking minds. This workbook contains fun activities… Helping children to focus on where and how their emotions are felt in their bodies will allow them to process and deal with these intense feelings”)

(9) The Feelings Activity Workbook for Children (“When children can identify their feelings, they’re better able to work through them and express them in a positive way…  filled with activities that teach kids to understand their feelings and practice healthy methods for managing them”)

(10) My Body Sends A Signal: Helping Kids Recognize Emotions and Express Feelings (” Like us, adults, kids have a wide range of feelings. They get happy, jealous, disgusted, angry, nervous, sad, proud, worried, and excited. But at a very young age, they simply don’t possess the vocabulary to express their feelings verbally. They express their feelings through tantrums, mimicry, physical movements, and gestures. These expressions are often sweet and funny, but sometimes they just drive us nuts! …This book will also expand your children’s vocabulary by offering them different words to express their feelings”)

(11) The Big Feelings Book for Children: Mindfulness Moments to Manage Anger, Excitement, Anxiety, and Sadness (“Help kids get through big feelings with mindfulness activities for ages 5 to 7”)

(12) Flooded: A Brain-Based Guide to Help Children Regulate Emotions (“When your brain perceives danger, your body and mind will go instantly into one of three modes-flight, fight, or freeze. Your heart races, your body tenses up, your hands shake, and your emotions take over rational thought. You’ve entered The Flood Zone. When children experience The Flood Zone, their behavior changes. They yell, bite, or run away. They withdraw and lose concentration. They blame and lie. In this state, children are unable to be rational, regulated, or otherwise compliant…”).

anita